Managing Forage Stands in a Dry and Cool Spring
A dry, cool start to the growing season often results in slower growth of alfalfa and grass stands, as well as pastures.
Impact on Alfalfa Development
  • Development may be 1–2 weeks slower than average.
  • Lower yields early in the season often mean higher forage quality.
  • RFV decline is slower than normal—harvest timing may be 1–2 weeks later than usual.
 
Harvest Timing Recommendations
  • Alfalfa Hay:
    • Cut based on RFV targets for your operation.
    • Harvest when standing crop RFV is ~20 points higher than your target.
    • Use tools like scissors clipping, PEAQ sticks, or the Growing Degree Day model (available on Manitoba Agriculture Weather Pages).
    • Avoid cutting earlier than recommended—this reduces yield, depletes root reserves, and impairs second-cut growth.
    • Beef producers: Cut at 10–20% bloom for optimal yield and quality.
    • Dairy producers: Slightly later cutting than average can still achieve high quality with lower fiber (higher RFV).
  • Grass Hay:
    • Yields will be lower, but quality will be higher than in wetter years.
    • Allow grasses to head out to avoid severe yield loss, even if it seems contrary to quality goals.
  • Mixed Stands:
    • Base timing on the major component, usually alfalfa.
    • Wait until later-developing areas are ready to ensure root replenishment.
 
Pasture Management Strategies
  • Maintain winter feeding programs well into late May and early June if possible to delay grazing
  • Maintain grazing rotations to preserve forage supply.
  • First grazing passes: Move quickly to clip grasses and keep them vegetative.
  • After mid-summer (July–August), slow rotations as cool-season grass growth declines.
  • Use flexible grazing systems (e.g., pairs with stockers) to adjust stocking rates.
  • If conditions worsen:
    • Sell yearlings early or move to feedlot.
    • Consider early weaning to reduce cow nutritional demands.
 
Supplementation & Forage Shortfalls
  • Supplement with protein or energy to stretch forage resources.
  • Utilize lower-quality alternative feeds alongside high-quality forage.
  • Feed testing is recommended to plan supplementation effectively.